产品号 #100-1270_C
大肠杆菌提取的脂多糖(野生型S型,血清型O55:B5)
大肠杆菌脂多糖 O55:B5(S 型)可诱导多种免疫反应。从革兰氏阴性菌大肠杆菌的O55:B5血清型中提取的脂多糖(LPS)大肠杆菌。脂多糖由脂质A、核心寡糖和O抗原组成,是存在于革兰氏阴性菌外膜上的糖脂成分(Kitchens RL等)。LPS通过维持细胞膜的外部完整性来保护细菌免受胆盐和亲脂抗生素的侵害(Bäckhed F等)。大肠杆菌特别是脂多糖O55:B5 (S型),主要被toll样受体4 (TLR4)识别,从而导致NF-κβ的激活,NF-κβ是一种在调节免疫反应中起关键作用的蛋白质复合物(Kuzmich N et al.)。活化NF-κβ可引发巨噬细胞增加促炎细胞因子IL-1和TNF-α的产生(Matuschak GM 等)。该脂多糖还可以与CD14相互作用,激活磷脂酶Cγ2 及 Src 家族激酶,诱导胞外 Ca²⁺ 内流2+以及活化T细胞核因子(NFAT)家族转录因子的钙调磷酸酶依赖性易位(Li CC等)。
当加入到ImmunoCult™-SF巨噬细胞培养基(产品号#10961)时,用来自大肠杆菌(O55:B5)的脂多糖和IFN-γ,可诱导巨噬细胞向 M1 型(经典活化型)极化。
警告:本产品具有高度致热原性。避免所有可能使产品进入血液的途径。
应用
激活,细胞培养
研究领域
免疫,感染性疾病(传染病),神经科学
纯度
超纯(≥ 99.9%)。未检测到DNA、RNA或蛋白质痕迹
Figure 1. Stimulation with Lipopolysaccharide from E. coli (O55:B5) Resulted in High Production of IL-6 through TLR4-specific Activation
The biological activity of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from E. coli (O55:B5) was assessed by its ability to activate TLR4 in both wild-type and TLR4 knockout (KO) mouse macrophages, with a medium-only negative control. When stimulated with 1 μg/mL of LPS from E. coli (O55:B5), wild-type mouse macrophages produced ≥ 9200 pg/mL of IL-6, as measured by ELISA in cell culture supernatants after 24 hours. IL-6 production in TLR4 KO macrophages was comparable to the medium-only negative control, indicating that activation by LPS from E. coli (O55:B5) did not activate any TLR other than TLR4. The optimal concentration required for activation is 0.01 - 1 μg/mL.
Find supporting information and directions for use in the Product Information Sheet or explore additional protocols below.
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Purity | or protein traces., RNA, Ultrapure (≥ 99.9%). No detectable DNA |
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用于从人ES和iPS细胞衍生的造血祖细胞生成小胶质细胞前体的分化试剂盒
人单核细胞向巨噬细胞分化的无血清培养基
冻存的人原代细胞
干扰素-γ
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