The RosetteSep™ CTC Enrichment Cocktail Containing Anti-CD36 is designed to enrich circulating epithelial tumor cells from fresh whole blood by negative selection. Unwanted cells are targeted for removal with Tetrameric Antibody Complexes recognizing CD2, CD16, CD19, CD36, CD38, CD45, CD66b and glycophorin A on red blood cells (RBCs). When centrifuged over a density gradient medium such as Lymphoprep™ (Catalog #18060), the unwanted cells pellet along with the RBCs. The purified tumor cells are present as a highly enriched population at the interface between the plasma and the density gradient medium.
This cocktail is compatible with small-cell carcinoma samples, including lung cancer samples. If you are working with breast cancer samples, use the RosetteSep™ CTC Enrichment Cocktail Containing Anti-CD56 (Catalog #15137).
In the example above, CAMA (epithelial tumor cell line) cells were seeded into whole blood at a starting frequency of 0.8%. The CAMA cell content of the enriched fraction is 84%. Typically 3.4 to 4.7 log depletion of targeted CD45+ cells is attained.
This product is designed for use in the following research area(s) as part of the highlighted workflow stage(s). Explore these workflows to learn more about the other products we offer to support each research area.
RosetteSep™ is a rapid cell separation procedure for the isolation of purified cells directly from whole blood, without columns or magnets.
How does RosetteSep™ work?
The antibody cocktail crosslinks unwanted cells to red blood cells (RBCs), forming rosettes. The unwanted cells then pellet with the free RBCs when centrifuged over a density centrifugation medium (e.g. Ficoll-Paque™ PLUS, Lymphoprep™).
What factors affect cell recovery?
The temperature of the reagents can affect cell recovery. All reagents should be at room temperature (sample, density centrifugation medium, PBS, centrifuge) before performing the isolations. Layering can also affect recovery so be sure to carefully layer the sample to avoid mixing with the density centrifugation medium as much as possible. Be sure to collect the entire enriched culture without disturbing the RBC pellet. A small amount of density centrifugation medium can be collected without worry.
Which cell samples can RosetteSep™ be used with?
RosetteSep™ can be used with leukapheresis samples, bone marrow or buffy coat, as long as: the concentration of cells does not exceed 5 x 107 per mL (can dilute if necessary); and there are at least 100 RBCs for every nucleated cell (RBCs can be added if necessary).
Can RosetteSep™ be used with previously frozen or cultured cells?
Yes. Cells should be re-suspended at 2 - 5 x 107 cells / mL in PBS + 2% FBS. Fresh whole blood should be added at 250 µL per mL of sample, as a source of red cells.
Can RosetteSep™ be used to enrich progenitors from cord blood?
Yes. Sometimes cord blood contains immature nucleated red cells that have a lower density than mature RBCs. These immature red cells do not pellet over Ficoll™, which can lead to a higher RBC contamination than peripheral blood separations.
Does RosetteSep™ work with mouse cells?
No, but we have developed EasySep™, a magnetic-based cell isolation system which works with mouse and other non-human species.
Which anticoagulant should be used with RosetteSep™?
Peripheral blood should be collected in heparinized Vacutainers. Cord blood should be collected in ACD.
Should the anticoagulant be washed off before using RosetteSep™?
No, the antibody cocktail can be added directly to the sample.
Establishment of novel long-term cultures from EpCAM positive and negative circulating tumour cells from patients with metastatic gastroesophageal cancer. D. Brungs et al. Scientific reports 2020 jan
Abstract
Circulating tumour cell (CTC) enumeration and profiling has been established as a valuable clinical tool in many solid malignancies. A key challenge in CTC research is the limited number of cells available for study. Ex vivo CTC culture permits expansion of these rare cell populations for detailed characterisation, functional assays including drug sensitivity testing, and investigation of the pathobiology of metastases. We report for the first time the establishment and characterisation of two continuous CTC lines from patients with gastroesophageal cancer. The two cell lines (designated UWG01CTC and UWG02CTC) demonstrated rapid tumorigenic growth in immunodeficient mice and exhibit distinct genotypic and phenotypic profiles which are consistent with the tumours of origin. UWG02CTC exhibits an EpCAM+, cytokeratin+, CD44+ phenotype, while UWG01CTC, which was derived from a patient with metastatic neuroendocrine cancer, displays an EpCAM-, weak cytokeratin phenotype, with strong expression of neuroendocrine markers. Further, the two cell lines show distinct differences in drug and radiation sensitivity which match differential cancer-associated gene expression pathways. This is strong evidence implicating EpCAM negative CTCs in metastasis. These novel, well characterised, long-term CTC cell lines from gastroesophageal cancer will facilitate ongoing research into metastasis and the discovery of therapeutic targets.
How to study and overcome tumor heterogeneity with circulating biomarkers: The breast cancer case. V. Appierto et al. Seminars in cancer biology 2017 APR
Abstract
Breast cancer ranks first among female cancer-related deaths in Western countries. As the primary tumor can often be controlled by surgical resection, the survival of women with breast cancer is closely linked to the incidence of distant metastases. Molecular screening by next generation sequencing highlighted the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of solid tumors as well as the clonal evolution of cancer cells during progression and under treatment pressure. Such findings question whether an optimal assessment of disease progression and a screening for druggable mutations should be based on molecular features of primary or recurrent/metastatic lesions and therefore represent a crucial element for failure or success of personalized medicine. In fact, new targeted therapies may induce only short-term benefit annulled by the emergence of resistant clones with new driver mutations which would need to be rapidly and reliably identified. Serial tissue sampling is therefore essential but, unfortunately, also represents a problem since biopsies from solid lesions, which are invasive and potentially painful and risky, cannot be easily repeatedly sampled, are inaccessible or may not fully reflect tumor heterogeneity. The need to early detect and strike this moving target" is now directing the scientific community towards liquid biopsy-based biomarkers which include circulating tumor cells (CTC) and cell-free circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) can be repeatedly assessed through non-invasive and easy-to-perform procedures and may act as reliable read-outs of functional and molecular features of recurrent/metastatic lesions. In this review we summarize the outcome of CTCs and ctDNA in breast cancer with special reference on their role on unveiling and overcoming tumor heterogeneity on their potential relevance for tumor surveillance and monitoring and for the selection of therapeutic options. Finally we propose integration between blood-based molecular and clinical approaches for monitoring disease progression according to the specific pattern of recurrence of the most aggressive breast cancer molecular subtypes."
Improved detection of circulating tumor cells in non-metastatic high-risk prostate cancer patients. A. Kuske et al. Scientific reports 2016 DEC
Abstract
The relevance of blood-based assays to monitor minimal residual disease (MRD) in non-metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. Proving that clinically relevant circulating tumor cells (CTCs) can be detected with available technologies could address this. This study aimed to improve CTC detection in non-metastatic PCa patients by combining three independent CTC assays: the CellSearch system, an in vivo CellCollector and the EPISPOT. Peripheral blood samples from high-risk PCa patients were screened for CTCs before and three months after radical prostatectomy (RP). Combining the results of both time points, CTCs were detected in 37{\%}, 54.9{\%} and 58.7{\%} of patients using CellSearch, CellCollector and EPISPOT, respectively. The cumulative positivity rate of the three CTC assays was 81.3{\%} (87/107) with 21.5{\%} (23/107) of patients harboring ≥5 CTCs/7.5 ml blood. Matched pair analysis of 30 blood samples taken before and after surgery indicated a significant decrease in CTCs captured by the CellCollector from 66{\%} before RP to 34{\%} after therapy (p = 0.031). CTC detection by EPISPOT before RP significantly correlated with PSA serum values (p {\textless} 0.0001) and clinical tumor stage (p = 0.04), while the other assays showed no significant correlations. In conclusion, CTC-based liquid biopsies have the potential to monitor MRD in patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer.
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