ImmunoCult™-SF Macrophage Medium

Serum-free medium for differentiation of human monocytes to macrophages

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产品号 #10961_C

Serum-free medium for differentiation of human monocytes to macrophages

产品优势

Serum-free medium without the need to supplement with serum

Supports robust macrophage differentiation

High yields of macrophages with the desired phenotype and function

Collect M1 or M2 macrophages in as little as 6 days

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ImmunoCult™-SF Macrophage Medium

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概述

ImmunoCult™-SF Macrophage Medium has been developed for the in vitro culture and differentiation of human monocytes into macrophages when the appropriate cytokines and stimuli are added. The factors for differentiation and activation of macrophages have not been added to ImmunoCult™-SF Macrophage Medium. This provides users the flexibility to prepare a medium that meets their requirements. The medium is a specialized serum-free culture medium that can be used to differentiate human monocytes into M1 (classically activated) and M2a (alternatively activated) macrophages in a 6- or 8-day culture period.

Data Figures

Figure 1. Protocol for the Generation of M1 or M2a Activated Macrophages

Generate monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) from isolated monocytes by culturing the cells in ImmunoCult™-SF Macrophage Differentiation Medium (ImmunoCult™-SF Macrophage Medium Catalog #10961 with added Human Recombinant M-CSF Catalog #78057). With our 8-day protocol, top-up with fresh ImmunoCult™-SF Macrophage Differentiation Medium on Day-4 and drive specific macrophage activation using appropriate stimuli on Day-6 (IFN-γ+LPS (Catalog #100-1270) for M1 activation and IL-4 for M2a activation). At Day-8 harvest fully mature M1 or M2a macrophages for use in downstream applications. With our 6-day protocol, macrophage activation can be done at the same time as the medium top-up step on Day-4 and harvested on Day-6.

Figure 2. ImmunoCult™-SF Supports Greater M1 and M2a Macrophage Yields Than Competitor’s Serum-Free Medium

Monocytes were cultured in ImmunoCult™-SF Macrophage Medium or a competitor’s serum-free macrophage medium and differentiated into macrophages using an 8-day protocol as shown in Figure 1. At Day-8, macrophages were harvested, counted and analysed by flow cytometry to assess the expression of macrophage markers CD80, CCR7, CD206 and CD209. (A) M1 macrophages were CD80+CCR7+ whereas (B) M2a macrophages showed a CD206+CD209+ phenotype. Macrophage yields are expressed as a percentage of total viable cells at Day 8 relative to the count of initial monocytes at Day 0. Macrophage yields were significantly higher in ImmunoCult™-SF than in Competitor’s serum-free medium (P < 0.05, paired t-test; mean ± SEM; n=18-19).

Figure 3. Activated Macrophages Generated with ImmunoCult™-SF Secrete the Appropriate Cytokines

Macrophages were generated with ImmunoCult™SF Macrophage Medium and activated using IFN-γ+LPS (Catalog #100-1270 ; M1) or IL-4 (M2a) in an 8-day protocol. At Day-8, supernatants from M1 and M2a macrophage cultures were collected and the concentrations of TNF-α, IL-12 (p70) and IL-10 were determined by ELISA. (A) M1 macrophages secreted 2821 ± 396 pg/ml TNF-α (n=24) and 656 ± 86 pg/mL IL-12 (p70) (n=25). (B) M2a macrophages produced 29 ± 6 pg/mL IL 10 (n=21) and did not produce TNF-α (below limit of detection, n=20). Data represents the mean ± SEM.

Protocols and Documentation

Find supporting information and directions for use in the Product Information Sheet or explore additional protocols below.

Document Type

Product Name

Catalog #

Lot #

Language

Document Type

Product Information Sheet

Product Name

ImmunoCult™-SF Macrophage Medium

Catalog #

10961

Lot #

All

Language

English

Document Type

Safety Data Sheet

Product Name

ImmunoCult™-SF Macrophage Medium

Catalog #

10961

Lot #

All

Language

English

Publications (1)

The Vi Capsular Polysaccharide of Salmonella Typhi Promotes Macrophage Phagocytosis by Binding the Human C-Type Lectin DC-SIGN. L. F. Zhang et al. mBio 2022 dec

Abstract

Capsular polysaccharides are common virulence factors of extracellular, but not intracellular bacterial pathogens, due to the antiphagocytic properties of these surface structures. It is therefore paradoxical that Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhi, an intracellular pathogen, synthesizes a virulence-associated (Vi) capsule, which exhibits antiphagocytic properties. Here, we show that the Vi capsular polysaccharide has different functions when S. Typhi interacts with distinct subsets of host phagocytes. The Vi capsular polysaccharide allowed S. Typhi to selectively evade phagocytosis by human neutrophils while promoting human macrophage phagocytosis. A screen of C-type lectin receptors identified human DC-SIGN as the receptor involved in macrophage binding and phagocytosis of capsulated S. Typhi. Consistent with the anti-inflammatory activity of DC-SIGN, purified Vi capsular polysaccharide reduced inflammatory responses in macrophages. These data suggest that binding of the human C-type lectin receptor DC-SIGN by the Vi capsular polysaccharide contributes to the pathogenesis of typhoid fever. IMPORTANCE Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhi is the causative agent of typhoid fever. The recent emergence of S. Typhi strains which are resistant to antibiotic therapy highlights the importance of vaccination in managing typhoid fever. The virulence-associated (Vi) capsular polysaccharide is an effective vaccine against typhoid fever, but the role the capsule plays during pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Here, we identify the human C-type lectin receptor DC-SIGN as the receptor for the Vi capsular polysaccharide. Binding of capsulated S. Typhi to DC-SIGN resulted in phagocytosis of the pathogen by macrophages and induction of an anti-inflammatory cytokine response. Thus, the interaction of the Vi capsular polysaccharide with human DC-SIGN contributes to the pathogenesis of typhoid fever and should be further investigated in the context of vaccine development.

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ImmunoCult™-SF Macrophage Medium

产品号 #10961_C

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ImmunoCult™-SF Macrophage Medium

产品号 #10961_C

产品优势

概述

Data Figures

Protocols and Documentation

Applications

Resources and Publications

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