Rho Kinase Inhibitor IV is a selective and potent inhibitor of Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 (ROCK2; IC₅₀ = 11.8 nM; Tamura et al.). It is a glycyl analog of Fasudil (Catalog #73662) with increased specificity for ROCK2 (Tamura). Rho Kinase Inhibitor IV is more potent than other ROCK inhibitors, including Y-27632 (Ki = 220 nM) and Fasudil (IC₅₀ = 158 nM). It shows good specificity for ROCK2 compared to other kinases such as calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase type II (IC₅₀ = 2.57 μM), PKG (IC₅₀ = 2.35 μM), Aurora A (IC₅₀ = 3.26 μM), or PKA or PKC (IC₅₀ ≥ 10 μM each). ROCK1 and ROCK2 act downstream of the G protein Rho to regulate actin-myosin turnover and dynamics, and play an important role in stem cell renewal, smooth muscle contraction, cell adhesion, and proliferation (Narumiya et al.; Olson; Watanabe et al.). This product is supplied as a 5 mg/mL solution in methanol.
DIFFERENTIATION
· Promotes neurite growth in primary rat neuronal cultures (Al-Ali et al.).
· Impairs primitive gut tube development including midgut elongation in Xenopus embryos (Reed et al.).
DISEASE MODELING
· Reduces intraocular pressure in a rabbit model of glaucoma (Tamura et al.).
DIFFERENTIATION
· Promotes neurite growth in primary rat neuronal cultures (Al-Ali et al.).
· Impairs primitive gut tube development including midgut elongation in Xenopus embryos (Reed et al.).
DISEASE MODELING
· Reduces intraocular pressure in a rabbit model of glaucoma (Tamura et al.).
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Protocols and Documentation
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Resources and Publications
Publications (7)
Rapid and efficient induction of functional astrocytes from human pluripotent stem cells. Nature methods 2018 SEP
Abstract
The derivation of astrocytes from human pluripotent stem cells is currently slow and inefficient. We demonstrate that overexpression of the transcription factors SOX9 and NFIB in human pluripotent stem cells rapidly and efficiently yields homogeneous populations of induced astrocytes. In our study these cells exhibited molecular and functional properties resembling those of adult human astrocytes and were deemed suitable for disease modeling. Our method provides new possibilities for the study of human astrocytes in health and disease.
Morphogenesis of the primitive gut tube is generated by Rho/ROCK/myosin II-mediated endoderm rearrangements. ACS chemical biology 2013 MAY
Abstract
During digestive organogenesis, the primitive gut tube (PGT) undergoes dramatic elongation and forms a lumen lined by a single-layer of epithelium. In Xenopus, endoderm cells in the core of the PGT rearrange during gut elongation, but the morphogenetic mechanisms controlling their reorganization are undetermined. Here, we define the dynamic changes in endoderm cell shape, polarity, and tissue architecture that underlie Xenopus gut morphogenesis. Gut endoderm cells intercalate radially, between their anterior and posterior neighbors, transforming the nearly solid endoderm core into a single layer of epithelium while concomitantly eliciting radially convergent" extension within the gut walls. Inhibition of Rho/ROCK/Myosin II activity prevents endoderm rearrangements and consequently perturbs both gut elongation and digestive epithelial morphogenesis. Our results suggest that the cellular and molecular events driving tissue elongation in the PGT are mechanistically analogous to those that function during gastrulation�
A ROCK inhibitor permits survival of dissociated human embryonic stem cells. ACS chemical biology 2013 MAY
Abstract
Poor survival of human embryonic stem (hES) cells after cell dissociation is an obstacle to research, hindering manipulations such as subcloning. Here we show that application of a selective Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, Y-27632, to hES cells markedly diminishes dissociation-induced apoptosis, increases cloning efficiency (from approximately 1% to approximately 27%) and facilitates subcloning after gene transfer. Furthermore, dissociated hES cells treated with Y-27632 are protected from apoptosis even in serum-free suspension (SFEB) culture and form floating aggregates. We demonstrate that the protective ability of Y-27632 enables SFEB-cultured hES cells to survive and differentiate into Bf1(+) cortical and basal telencephalic progenitors, as do SFEB-cultured mouse ES cells.
PRODUCTS ARE FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY AND NOT INTENDED FOR HUMAN OR ANIMAL DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USES UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED. Safety Statement: CA WARNING: This product can expose you to Methanol which is known to the State of California to cause birth defects or other reproductive harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov
